• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The key has at least one coding cavity (55) defining a hollow geometry for encoding the key. The geometry includes at least one inner undercut (60a, 60b). The lock for validation of a key comprises locking means (21, 22) coupled to a driver (14) and validation means (25, 26) coupled to the blocking means for changing the state of the locking means when engaged with key used for the lock has the correct coding. The validation means (25, 26) at least partially protrude into the key cavity of the lock to at least partially insert the validation means into the coding cavity (55) of the key and to detect the interior surface of the coding cavity.
    公开号:CH710314B1
    申请号:CH00304/16
    申请日:2014-10-08
    公开日:2016-09-15
    发明作者:Ojeda González-Posada Alejandro；Michael Reinert Felix
    申请人:Urbanalps Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present disclosure relates to a key and a lock.
    background
    In the last two or three decades, many significant technical improvements have been introduced to the lock cylinder market. These served, among other things, to increase the number of locking combinations and / or to make it difficult to duplicate the keys.
    Improvements to increase the number of locking combinations have typically been achieved by:Increase the number of core pins and holes.Produce keys with very complex shapes or variations of the key profile and the corresponding key channel in the cylinder.Varying the shape of the core pins and housing pins.
    These improvements have also made it difficult to follow-up techniques including impression methods for producing counterfeit keys.
    Lock cylinders have also been constructed which complicate the simulation of keys. These improvements mainly consisted of notch areas with unique shapes and variations in the axial and radial alignment of each core and housing pin pair. As a result, keys of different shapes were constructed (i.e., flat keys, crown-shaped keys, nail-shaped keys, etc.).
    Despite the improvements in the field of sophisticated lock cylinders, their safety is still limited due to, among other factors, the following factors:Unauthorized copies can be easily made by conventional machines operating on the premise that the key has one or two axes;Currently, keys are simply designed and constructed, and their external features are easy to interpret by an expert and can be reproduced by means of impression techniques or even simple cutting tools.
    The limited number of locking combinations is due to a number of factors such as: a) the market demand for small and thin keys that require fewer lock components; b) the production of the keys based on only one or two dimensions: the axial position and the depth of the key cuts; c) the technical limit of increasing the number of core pins beyond a certain limit without increasing the cost and complexity of the lock.
    Nachschliesstechniken are again possible and the security is limited, since the keys have only two dimensions and therefore are easy to copy by geometric and positional tolerances of the various components are utilized. In this technical background, US Pat. No. 3,722,240 and US Pat. No. RE 30,198 filed. These patents brought about a significant improvement in the field of lock cylinders by introducing the principle of "angular arrangement of core pins" or a "double locking system". The improvement is based on the introduction of the circumferential positioning of the core pins in addition to the conventional raising of the pins. This significantly increased the number of available locking combinations.
    The increase in the number of key notches gradually resulted in a higher number of unique keys, whereby the operation of a cylinder was made much more difficult by other than the associated key. As a result of this improvement, the keys could only be duplicated on special machines that could reproduce not only the depth but also the angular position of the notches.
    Despite the above-mentioned technological advances in this field, the current market demands a more sophisticated and secure key and lock system with a new concept of geometries that allows neither easy access to the security features nor replication by conventional machines.
    overview
    The object of the present disclosure is to provide a key with a higher replica security and a lock usable with such a key.
    This object is achieved with a key according to claim 1 and a lock according to claim 13. A method for producing a key is specified in claim 26. In the further claims additional embodiments of the key and the lock are given.
    According to one aspect, a key has at least one coding cavity, which forms a hollow geometry for encoding the key, wherein the hollow geometry has at least one inner undercut.
    According to a further aspect, a method for producing a key is specified, in which an additive manufacturing method is used.
    In another aspect, a lock comprises a housing having a key cavity for insertion of the key and validation means which at least partially protrude into the key cavity to at least partially insert the validation means into the coding cavity of the key and to engage the interior surface of the coding cavity. The lock permits validation of the key in accordance with the present disclosure.
    In contrast to known mechanical security keys at least some of the security features can remain hidden from the user by being difficult or impossible to see.
    The key may have a wall which forms at least one Codierhohlraum. At least one inner undercut may be formed integrally with the wall. The wall may be solid and / or integral, for example by means of an additive manufacturing process.
    At least one inner undercut may extend less than 360 degrees about an extension direction in which at least one coding cavity extends. This results in one or more free spaces which allow a lock to be designed such that the key can be validated by insertion into the lock, moving it in a linear direction.
    The key may have at least one coding track in the form of a linear structure. The coding track may be bounded by opposite sides. The sides can not be circumferentially formed, i. extending less than 360 degrees around the wall forming the at least one coding cavity. The sides may be odd in the at least one cavity from a first end to a second end to form at least one undercut, the second end being spaced from the first end.
    The opposite sides of the coding path may form a channel, a rib or a series of one or more channel sections and one or more rib sections, for example a first channel section followed by a rib section. In this case, the coding path is formed in the wall as a negative and / or positive structure. The side of the coding path lying between the opposite sides forms the bottom of the channel and / or the vertex of the rib. The depth and / or the height of this intermediate side may vary along the course of the coding path. The cross section of the coding path can also vary along its course, in that the shape of the opposite and / or the intermediate side (s) varies.
    The provision of at least one Codierbahn has the advantage that it can serve as a guide for the validation of the key, so that the insertion of the key is facilitated in the castle.
    A key body part having the coding cavity may consist of a single body part (one-piece body part). The entire key, which may comprise the key body part and a grip part or portion, may be made in one piece. Alternatively, the key body part may consist of several key body parts.
    The key body part or the key as a whole may be free from any moving parts.
    The key body part may have a cylindrical shape. The cross-section of the cylinder may be round, triangular, rectangular or elliptical.
    The key body part with the Codierhohlraum may be a substantially closed body with respect to the side walls, while on a front side of the key body part, an end opening to the Codierhohlraum is present.
    An end portion of the coding cavity may be free of any coding structures or coding means. Consequently, in this embodiment, at least the inner undercut is outside the end portion.
    The key may comprise at least one channel disposed within the at least one coding cavity, wherein the at least one undercut is formed by a portion of the at least one channel.
    The shape and / or dimension of the channel may vary along the course of the channel.
    The key may have at least two channels, which are arranged within the at least one Codierhohlraums and intersect or run separately.
    The at least one coding cavity may be formed in a key body, which may also refer to the key body part, having one or more holes extending outwardly from the interior of the at least one coding cavity through the key body.
    The key may have a key body with an outer geometry for additional coding of the key. The outer geometry may include troughs, holes, teeth and / or grooves. The key can also have a flat outer surface.
    The key may further comprise a part which is movably arranged with respect to a key body and serves as additional coding of the key. The movable part may comprise at least one pin, a disc and / or a spring.
    The appropriate key may have at least one electronic, a biometric, a magnetic and / or a photosensor for additional coding of the key.
    The key may have a first end in which the at least one coding cavity is formed, and a second end containing an additional coding of the key, wherein the first and the second end are insertable into a lock.
    The key may be at least partially made of metal, ceramic and / or plastic.
    At least one mechanical, electrical, electronic, magnetic and / or optical means may be used to validate the key.
    The undercut may be formed in such a way in a wall of the key body part having the Codierhohlraum that, viewed in the extension direction in which extends the Codierhohlraum, a rear part of the wall is hidden behind a front part of the wall. The inner undercut may be defined as viewed in the direction of extent through an end opening or through an opening in the side wall of the Codierhohlraums.
    The hollow geometry may be axially and / or radially with respect to the Codierhohlraums.
    The hollow geometry, in particular the inner undercut, may have at least one projecting structure and / or a recessed structure. The protruding structure and / or the recessed structure may run along a wavy line, wherein the wavy line has a sinusoidal line and / or a non-sinusoidal line. The protruding structure and / or the recessed structure may extend along a channel, which may have intersecting channel sections. The channel shape may vary along its course, for example with respect to at least the channel depth and / or the channel width.
    At least one of the protruding structure and the recessed structure may have crossing portions.
    The hollow geometry, in particular the inner undercut, can run symmetrically to a longitudinal axis of the Codierhohlraums.
    The hollow geometry, in particular the inner undercut, may have one or more curved sections, for example a section running along an arc. Adjacent portions of a curved coding structure may have different angles with respect to the longitudinal axis of the coding cavity. Adjacent sections may have a positive or a negative angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the Codierhohlraums. The positive and negative angles may be the same or different. The adjacent sections may run along a wavy line, wherein the wavy line has at least one sinusoidal line and / or one non-sinusoidal line.
    The inner undercut may be configured to receive or engage validation means of the lock, the validation means being movable between an extended and a non-extended position. There may be one or more telescopic pins.
    The key may be a two-sided key comprising a first and a second key body portion disposed on opposite sides of a key handle, the first and second key body portions each having a key encoding structure. The key encoding structure on one side or both sides may include a coding cavity forming a hollow geometry for encoding the key.
    The coding cavity may have a cylindrical shape. The cross-section of the cylinder may be round, triangular, rectangular or elliptical. The Codierhohlraum may also have a non-cylindrical shape, such as a cross-shaped.
    To encode the key, the coding cavity may have internally at least one of the following structures: a broken groove, an inner notch, an inner bore, and an inner cam profile. The inner notch may have a 3D structure, notches with differences at least in profile, depth and / or size. The notches may be configured to engage one or more rotating pins. There may be a cavity with several depths, so that the key can be used with telescopic pins.
    The key body portion may have a slot that intersects the coding cavity and the hollow geometry. The slot may extend at least partially through the coding cavity.
    For the production of the key, an additive manufacturing process can be used. With additive manufacturing processes complex features of great complexity can be produced, even in the inner areas. For example, selective laser melting (SLM) may be used, in which the geometry of the key is built up layer by layer through the combination of powder material and laser power. Other possible additive manufacturing processes include at least one of the following: laser sintering, laser melting, electron beam melting, fused deposition modeling, material jetting, photopolymer jetting, adhesive spraying (binder jetting »), Stereolithography and spraying. The additive manufacturing process enables the fabrication of even highly complex internal structures. Thus, a set of multiple keys can be produced, each with a unique coding, which are not duplicable by conventional methods and therefore guarantee a high level of security.
    Hereinafter, further embodiments of the lock will be described.
    The validation means of the lock may comprise at least one follower element which is movably arranged so that the at least one follower element engages and engages at least one coding track of the key when the key is inserted into the key cavity.
    The key is insertable into the key cavity by being moved in a linear direction, the at least one follower element being movable in a plane transverse to the linear direction.
    The lock may be configured so that the driver is rotatable when a key is inserted with the correct coding in the key cavity of the castle and then rotated.
    The validation means may be movable with respect to the housing.
    The validation means may comprise at least one follower element which is movably arranged on a stator and is preferably disc-shaped.
    The follower may have at least one projection that contacts the encoder cavity when the key is inserted.
    In the unlocked state, the validation means may comprise a part rotatable about a stator.
    The blocking means may comprise a mechanical component and the follower element at least one recess for receiving a part of the mechanical component.
    The locking means comprises a rod which is movable in the unlocked state between a groove in a stator and a groove formed in the validation means.
    The lock may include biasing means for urging the rod into the groove of the stator.
    The locking means comprise arranged between spacers follower elements, wherein the spacers immobile in the locked state and the follower elements are arranged movably on a stator.
    The spacers may comprise engagement means for engagement in the key.
    The key cavity may have an annular cross section for receiving the part of the key with the Codierhohlraum.
    Description of further embodiments
    Hereinafter, further embodiments will be described with reference to figures. In the figures show:<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> an inventive lock and key arrangement in a perspective view;<Tb> FIG. 2 <SEP> an exploded view of the lock according to FIG. 1;<Tb> FIG. 3 <SEP> is a front view of the lock according to FIG. 1 in the locked state, without the housing;<Tb> FIG. 4 is a front view of the lock according to FIG. 1 in the unlocked state, without the housing;<Tb> FIG. 5 <SEP> the key inserted into the lock according to FIG. 1 in a sectional side view;<Tb> FIG. 6 <SEP> a variant of an inventive arrangement with lock and key in a perspective view;<Tb> FIG. 7 is a perspective view of three variants of a follower element for a lock according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 8 to 10 <SEP> further variants of a follower element in a front view;<Tb> FIG. 11 <SEP> the key according to Figure 1 in a perspective view.<Tb> FIG. 12 <SEP> the key according to FIG. 11, partially cut;<Tb> FIG. 13 <SEP> is a sectional side view of the key according to FIG. 11;<Tb> FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of a key according to the invention in a perspective view;<Tb> FIG. 15 <SEP> is a side sectional view of the front part of the key according to FIG. 14;<Tb> FIG. 16 <SEP> the key according to FIG. 14, cut along the median plane;<Tb> FIG. 17 shows a further embodiment of a key according to the invention in a perspective view;<Tb> FIG. 18 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a key according to the invention, partially cut away;<Tb> FIG. 19 <SEP> the key according to FIG. 18 in a sectional side view;<Tb> FIG. 20 to 23 <SEP> partially cutaway perspective views of further embodiments of a key according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 24 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a key according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 25 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a key according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 26 <SEP> the key according to FIG. 25 in a further perspective view;<Tb> FIG. 27 is a side view of another embodiment of a key according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 28 <SEP> is a perspective view of the key according to FIG. 27, partially cut away;<Tb> FIG. 29 <SEP> is a perspective view of another embodiment of a key according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 30 <SEP> is a perspective view of another embodiment of a key according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 31 <SEP> is a perspective view of the key according to FIG. 30, partially cut away;<Tb> FIG. 32 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of a key according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 33 <SEP> is a perspective view of another embodiment of a key according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 34 <SEP> is a side sectional view of the front part of the key according to FIG. 33;<Tb> FIG. 35 to 37 <SEP> each show a further embodiment of a key according to the invention in a perspective view;<Tb> FIG. 38 <SEP> is a perspective view of the key according to FIG. 30 with a schematically illustrated lock;<Tb> FIG. Figs. 39a-d <SEP> show different views of another key with at least one inner undercut;<Tb> FIG. 40a-d <SEP> different views of another key with an inner undercut;<Tb> FIG. 41a-b <SEP> a key, once without and once with parts of a lock with rod-platelets and a lock-bar;<Tb> FIG. 42 <SEP> a key with internal undercuts and parts of a lock with extended pins and a locking bar;<Tb> FIG. 43a-d <SEP> different views of a key with internal undercuts;<Tb> FIG. Figs. 44a-d <SEP> show various views of a key having a slightly different design compared to the key in Fig. 43;<Tb> FIG. 45a-c <SEP> different views of a key with inner undercuts starting from the end face; and<Tb> FIG. 46a-c <SEP> different views of a key with an inner undercut with curved sections.
    1 shows a lock 10 with a key 50. The lock 10 has a housing 11 which encloses the validation means for validation of the key 50, an end plate 12 connected to the housing 11 via a bridge element 13 and a driver 14 with a arranged in the space between the housing 11 and end plate 12 cam 14a. When the correct key 50 is inserted, the follower 14 can be rotated to close the actual closing mechanism, for example the bolt of a door or the like.
    The lock 10 is formed such that a key 50 of hollow geometry can be inserted. For this purpose, the lock 10 has a key cavity 15 surrounding the validation means. The key cavity 15 is annularly shaped to receive a portion of the key in which a coding cavity is formed (see, for example, the coding cavity 55 in FIG. 11).
    Fig. 2 shows the various components of the lock 10. This includes a stator 20, which projects in the assembled state through the housing 11 and the driver 14 in a formed in the end plate 12 hole 12a. The stator 20 is in the form of a rod having a stopper plate 20b at one end and a non-circular cross-section at the other end 20a, the shape of which is complementary to that of the hole 12a. When assembled, the stator 20 is thus fixedly connected to the end plate 12 and forms the stationary component about which the key and the components of the validation means are rotatable.
    The stator 20 has a groove 20c which extends along the central part 20d of the stator 20 and serves to receive a blocking element 21. This is, for example, a side bar which is pressed into the groove 20c by means of elastic means, e.g. by one or more springs 22.
    The lock 10 further has spacers 25 and follower elements 26, which are each arranged alternately on the stator 20 in the assembled state next to each other. The spacers 25 are formed as rings, so that the stator 20 can protrude, and each comprisean incision 25a extending axially along the inside of the ring to receive a portion of the locking member 21,a projection 25b extending axially along the outside of the ring, anda hole 25c extending axially through the ring to receive a portion of an alignment member 27, e.g. is formed rod-shaped.
    The projections 25b engage in a groove 50 formed in the key groove 59 (see FIGS. 11 and 12) when inserted into the key cavity 15 of the lock 10. The provision of the projections 25b is optional. In another embodiment, some or all spacers have no projection 25b. In this case, the outer surface of the spacers 25 is cylindrical.
    Some of the spacers 25 have a blind hole 25d extending radially from the inside of the ring to the outside and forming a chamber for receiving a spring 22.
    The lock 10 further has an end piece 28, which serves as a stop and rests in the assembled state on the driver 14. The end piece 28 has a through hole (not visible in FIG. 2) to receive part of the alignment member 27 and a recess 28 a similar to the recess 25 a of the spacer 25.
    The driver 14 has a first hole 14b, through which the stator 20 can protrude, and a second hole 14c for receiving a part of the alignment element 27th
    The follower elements 26 are disk-shaped and each comprise (see also FIG. 3)an axially extending through the element 26 hole 26 a,a radially outwardly projecting projection 26b anda slot 26c, which is curved, so that the follower element 26 is rotatable relative to the alignment element 27 projecting through the slot 26c.
    The hole 26a has a circular cross-section which is widened in a certain angular range to form a recess 26d with a recess 26e for the blocking element 21. The recess 26d is arcuate and has a width w, which is selected such that the locking element 21 can only partially engage in the recess 26d. In the recess 26e, this width is widened, so that the blocking element 21 can completely engage in the recess 26e. The angle between the location of the projection 26b and the location of the recess 26e determines the uniqueness of the lock, that is, different locks can be made by choosing this angle differently.
    In the assembled state of the lock 10, the spacers 25 and the follower elements 26 are disposed between the stopper plate 20b and the end member 28 on the stator 20 (see also Fig. 5). The alignment member 27 protrudes through the holes 25c of the spacers 25 and the slots of the followers 26 and through the end member 28 into the follower 14. Thus, the alignment member 27 connects the spacers 25 and the end member 28 non-rotatably with the follower 14. The lock member 21, the from the outermost spacer 25 to the end member 28 is pressed by the elastic means 22 in the groove 20c of the stator 20, whereby the rotation of the elements 14, 25, 27, 28 is blocked. Through the slot 26c and the recess 26d, the follower elements 26 are respectively rotatable relative to the stator 20 and the elements 14, 25, 27, 28.
    As explained further below, a key 50 provided for the lock 10 has, for example, an inner channel which describes a specific path. Due to this geometry, insertion of the key 50 causes the follower elements 26 to track the path inside the key angularly with a corresponding rotation. When the key is fully inserted, the follower elements 26 are in a certain rotational position. If it is not the correct key 50, the locking element 21 remains in the groove 20c, so that the elements 14, 25, 27, 28 and the key 50 can not be rotated. When a matching key 50 is inserted, all follower elements 26 are rotated such that the recesses 26e are circumferentially aligned with each other. Together with the notches 25a and 28a, the aligned recesses 26e form a continuous side groove which can receive the locking member 21 as shown in FIG. The subsequent rotation of the key 50 exerts a torque on the elements 25, 26, which counteracts the force of the elastic means 22, so that the blocking element 21 is released from the groove 20c and pressed into the above-mentioned continuous side groove. Thus, the elements 14, 21, 22, 25-28 can finally be rotated together with the key 50 relative to the stator 20.
    The lock 10 is locked again by the key and with it the elements 14, 21, 22, 25-28 are rotated in the other direction, so that the locking element 21 can slide back into the groove 20c. By pulling out the key 50, the follower elements 26 are returned to the "zero position" in which the recesses 26e are no longer aligned with each other.
    Various variants of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 are conceivable:The blocking means between the stator 20 and the rotating part can be designed differently. For example, more than one blocking element can be provided. The blocking element may have a different shape than a rod.The number of follower elements 26 is arbitrary. FIG. 6 shows an example in which a plurality of follower elements 26 are arranged between two spacers 25. A higher number of follower elements 26 allows a higher number of unique locks.The projection of the follower element 26 may be round (see projection 26b in FIG. 7), square or cylindrical (see projection 26b in FIG. 7), or have any other shaped profile that ensures tracking of the track in the key 50. The projection can also be arranged movably on the follower element to enable three-dimensional tracking of a more complex path in the key, for example a path with different depths of unevenness (see the right side of FIG. 7, which has a follower element with a pin 26b and a pin spring 22 acting on the pin 26b so as to be movable in the radial direction).The lock is designed such that the follower element is movable in at least one rotary and / or one translational axis. Fig. 8 shows the follower element 26 of the embodiment according to FIG. 2, wherein this is rotatable about the key axis, as indicated by the arrow C. FIG. 9 shows a follower element 26, which is displaceable in addition to the rotational movement along an axis perpendicular to the key axis, as indicated by the arrow A. For this purpose, the shape of the hole 26a is widened in the direction A. Fig. 10 shows a follower element 26 which is displaceable in addition to the rotational movement along two perpendicular to the key axis axes, as indicated by the arrows A and B. For this purpose, the shape of the hole 26a in the directions A and B is extended.
    FIGS. 11 to 13 show various views of a key 50 for the lock 10 of FIG. 2. The key 50 includes a handling member 51 and a key body 52 having a coding cavity 55 forming a hollow geometry. This geometry defines a specific encoding of the key 50 that is validated when used with the lock 10. This geometry includes at least one undercut formed in the inside of the wall 53 of the key body 52 such that in the direction of extension 54 in which the coding cavity 55 extends, a rear part of the wall 53 is hidden behind a front part of the wall 53. Thus, the geometry of the rear wall portion seen in the extension direction 54 is not visible. The geometry may be formed in the wall 53 of the key body 52 as negative and / or positive regions, i. as portions which are formed in the wall 53 as depressions and / or as parts which project from the wall 53 into the Codierhohlraum 55.
    The key shown in Figs. 12 and 13 has a coding path in the form of a channel 60 which is formed on the inside of the wall 53 and extends from the front end of the Codierhohlraums 55 to the rear end of the Codierhohlraums 55. The channel 60 is bounded by two sides 60c and 60d, which are arranged opposite one another and are made in one piece with the wall.
    The channel 60 is curved here, so that sections with undercuts 60a, 60b are formed. The wall portion forming the undercut 60a, 60b is not circumferential, that is, it does not extend 360 degrees about the extension direction 54 of the coding cavity 55. When inserting the key 50 into the lock 10, the follower elements 26 engage the channel 60 and become around the Stator 20 turned.
    The inside of the wall 53 further has a straight groove 59 extending from the front end of the Codierhohlraums 55 to its rear end. In Fig. 12, only one side of the groove 59 is shown. When inserting the key 50 into the lock 10, the projections 25b of the spacers 25 engage in the groove 59, whereby the key 50 is guided and the insertion is facilitated. When the key 50 fits, it can be rotated so that torque acts on the spacers 25 via engagement between the projections 25b and the groove 59.
    14 to 16 show a further embodiment of a key 50, in which the key body 52 has a flat portion with troughs 63 which form external security features, and a coding cavity 55 running inwardly from the front end of the key body 52 , The Codierhohlraum 55 includes a wall in which a channel 62 is formed, the shape of which forms one or more undercuts. The troughs 63 and the channel 62 together form the coding of the key 50. In an alternative embodiment, the key 50 has various areas in which coding cavities are formed in the shape of the cavity 55.
    A lock usable with the key 50 may comprise a conventional part as used in pin locks and an additional validating part. This includes validation means which protrude into the key cavity of the lock so as to be inserted into the coding cavity 55 upon insertion of the key 50 into the lock to engage the inner surface of the coding cavity 55. According to one embodiment, the validation means comprises a movable arm with a detection head that can engage in the channel 62.
    The geometry of the cavities 55, 55 and, if present, the troughs 63 serve as coding by mechanical means. To increase the security level, other security features can be added. These security features may e.g. based on electronic, optical, biometric and / or magnetic validation.
    Fig. 17 shows a key which has, in addition to the coding cavity 55, an electronic part 64 arranged on the key body 52 and a biometric sensor 65 arranged on the handling part 51.
    Numerous embodiments are possible for forming a specific geometry of the coding cavity 55. Figs. 18 and 19 show an example in which a plurality of channels 60, 61 are formed in the wall 53 of the key body 52. Their number can be two or more.
    The cross-section of the channel (s) can be chosen arbitrarily, e.g. round, polygonal, etc. Fig. 20 shows an example in which the channel 60 has a square cross section. Fig. 21 shows an example in which the channel 60 has a semi-hexagonal cross-section. The shape and / or the dimensions of the channel cross section may also change along its course.
    If there are multiple channels, intersections are also possible. Fig. 22 shows an example in which the channels 60 and 61 intersect. Fig. 23 shows a similar example with two channels 60 and 61 crossing each other. In these examples, the channels 60 and 61 have a different depth and the channels 60 and 61 have a different depth.
    Further, the shape of the key body may be arbitrarily selected and may be cylindrical or polygonal, e.g. cubic, or any other tubular shape. In Fig. 11, the key body 52 is cylindrical. In the example according to FIG. 24, the key body 52 is flattened. The Codierhohlraum 55, which is also flattened forms, as in the example of FIG. 11 is a specific hollow geometry with one or more inner undercuts.
    To facilitate insertion, the key may include a visual positioning feature that helps the user to simply position the key with respect to the key cavity 15 of the lock 10. FIGS. 25 and 26 show an example in which the key body 52 at the front end has a mark 67 corresponding to the top of the key cavity 15 of the lock 10. The mark 67 is formed here as a groove.
    It is also conceivable to design the key so that two orientations are possible for introducing and validating the key. In this case, the security features in the cavity 55 and - if present - on the key body 52, 52 arranged symmetrically, so that a validation in a first position of the key and in a second, compared to the first position rotated by 180 ° position is possible ,
    Optionally, the key may have outputs to allow dust to be easily removed and the geometry of the coding cavity to be unclogged. FIGS. 27 and 28 show an example in which the key body 52 has slots 68 through the wall 53. The slots 68 are formed so that the channel 60 in the Codierhohlraum 55 is still continuous or interrupted once or several times.
    Optionally, the key may have a skeletal structure with many openings. FIG. 29 shows a corresponding example in which a plurality of openings 69 are formed in the key body 52. In addition to ensuring cleanliness, it can also be used to reduce weight.
    Further embodiments are shown in FIGS. 30 to 46.
    Figures 30 and 31 show an embodiment of the security key in the form of a hollow cylinder 109. The security features are located inside the cylinder 1. Figure 31 shows an example of possible solutions of internal features and shapes 110a and 110b.
    Possible features are undercuts, holes, grooves, spirals or even free forms.
    Some internal features could also penetrate the entire body or even form complex geometries such as grooves. FIG. 32 shows a perspective view of a possible key geometry in which some of the internal features penetrate the entire body and are visible from the outside as holes 107 and grooves 108.
    Fig. 33 shows a perspective view of a possible key geometry in which a certain area 111 thereof is hollow and has internal security features and undercuts (see the sectional view in Fig. 34). An undercut is formed by a non-circumferential wall portion 111 a integrally formed with the wall of the cavity 111. Thus, the undercut extends less than 360 degrees around the wall and forms two spaced apart ends. In the example according to FIG. 33, an undercut runs in a straight direction.
    Further, the key may be a combination of the aforementioned security key and an ordinary key in one and the same body. Fig. 35 shows a perspective view of a possible key geometry, which is a combination of a security key 109 and a common key 112 in a single body.
    In addition, the hollow shape of the key is not limited to a single cavity, but also two or more cavities with internal features are possible. Fig. 36 shows a perspective view of a possible key geometry with two cavities 155, 155 with internal security features.
    In addition, the key may be combined with an electronic, biometric, magnetic or photosensor, or a combination of some of them, to provide an additional level of security. Fig. 37 shows a perspective view of a possible key geometry combined with an electronic / photosensor 113 and a biometric sensor 114 to achieve additional levels of security.
    The counterpart of the key can validate the security features of the key by mechanical means, conductivity measurements, magnetism and / or optical measurements. FIG. 38 shows a perspective view of a possible key geometry that is validated, for example, by a photosensor 116 at a corresponding exemplary lock 115.
    The described key can offer the following advantages:
    The security features are hidden in the hollow body and therefore are not easily accessible unless the key is cut open. Copying inner 3D features requires sophisticated optical measurement techniques. The duplication is not possible with conventional methods. The production of duplicates requires additive manufacturing equipment that is currently very expensive.
    The lock according to Fig. 2 is only one embodiment for the validation of the key. The lock may be configured to validate the key by mechanical means, conductance measurements, magnetism, optical measurements, or any combination of these means.
    Figs. 39a-d show another embodiment of a key. A key body part 200a made in one piece with a key grip 200b has a hollow geometry 201. There are two separate coding cavities 202, 203. Both coding cavities 202, 203 have at least one inner undercut 202a, 203a. In contrast to the key according to FIGS. 39a-d, the key according to FIGS. 40a-d has only one of the coding cavities, namely the coding cavity 203.
    Figures 41a-b show a key with a coding cavity 210 having a hollow geometry 211. The hollow geometry 211 includes at least one inner undercut formed by an oddly extending encoder track. The key has a slot 214 that extends at least partially through the hollow geometry 211.
    Fig. 41b also shows parts of a lock with validation means 212 and blocking means 213. The validation means comprise one or more follower elements 212 movably mounted on a stator (not shown). In the present example 212 three rod plates are shown as follower elements. The number can be one, two, three or more. Each follower element 212 is configured to engage the inner surface of the encoder cavity 210 and may include one or more protrusions, such as in the shape of the protrusion 26b, 26b, 26b of FIG. 7.
    The blocking means comprise a blocking element 213, for example in the form of a locking bar. Each follower element 212 has a groove portion 212a for receiving a part of the lock member 213. In the locked state, the blocking element 213 can be pressed into a groove provided in the stator, just as the blocking element 21 of the lock in FIG. 2 is pressed by the biasing means 22 into the groove 20c of the stator 20.
    When the key is inserted into the lock, the followers 212 protrude through the encoder cavity 210 and follow one or more hollow geometry encoder tracks 211. Similarly, each follower 212 moves in a direction transverse to the direction in which the key moves into the lock Lock is introduced. When the key is used with the proper coding, the followers 212 assume the proper position so that the groove portions 212a are aligned with each other and form a groove that can receive the lock member 213. The lock can then be unlocked by turning the key together with the elements 212, 213.
    Fig. 42 shows a key with one or more inner undercuts and parts of a lock with validation means 220 and blocking means 221. The validation means comprise one or more follower elements 220 movably mounted on a stator (not shown) and formed as pins could be. The follower elements 220 are configured to detect the inner surface of the coding cavity 222. For this purpose, a follower element 220 can have one or more projections, for example in the form of the projection 26b, 26b, 26b according to FIG. 7.
    The blocking means comprise a blocking element 221, which is arranged to be movable, similar to the blocking element 213 according to FIG. 41b.
    Each follower element 220 has a plurality of cuts 220a along its axis. The depth of each incision 220a is selected such that only one incision has the correct depth while the others have an incorrect depth.
    When the key is inserted into the lock, the followers 220 protrude through a slot 223 in the key such that they are partially received in the encoder cavity 222 and follow one or more encoder tracks of the key. In this case, each follower element 220 moves in a direction transverse to the direction in which the key is inserted into the lock. If the key is used with the proper coding, the followers 212 will assume the correct position so that all the incisions 220a of the proper depth are aligned with each other and form a groove that can receive the lock member 221. The lock can then be unlocked by turning the key together with the elements 220, 221.
    Depending on the present design of the key, the parts of the lock shown in Figures 41b and 42 may be used in combination with other key validation means. For example, the keys of Figures 41a and 42 also have external security features, here in the form of wells 263. In addition to elements 212, 213 or 220, 221, the lock validation and locking means may include suitable components that provide validation the outer security features 263 allow, so that the lock can be brought into the locked or unlocked state when a key is used with the correct coding with respect to the internal and external security features.
    Figures 43a-d show a key with inner undercuts 230, 231 in two separate coding cavities 232, 233 of a hollow geometry 234 in a key body part 235. Each undercut 230, 231 is formed by a non-circumferential wall portion integral with the wall of the Codierhohlraums 232, 233 is formed.
    Figs. 44a-d show a key with a slightly different design than the key in Figs. 43a-d. In contrast to the key according to FIGS. 43a-d, the key according to FIGS. 44a-d has only one of the coding cavities, namely the coding cavity 233.
    FIGS. 45a-c show a key with coding tracks 240, 241 which form inner undercuts and extend from the end face of a coding cavity 242.
    FIGS. 46a-c show a key with inner undercuts 250, 251 with curved sections 250a, 251a. The inner undercuts 250, 251 are each located in coding tracks 252, 253 in the form of grooves extending from an end opening 254 of a Codierhohlraums 255.
    In at least some of the embodiments described so far, the key has a solid key body. However, it is also conceivable to form the key with a movable part for additional coding of the key. For example, the key may have at least one movable pin and / or at least one movable disk. The movable part can be arranged on the outside of the key body and / or inside.
    权利要求:
    Claims (26)
    [1]
    A key having at least one coding cavity (55; 55; 111; 155, 155; 202, 203; 210; 222; 232, 233; 242; 255) defining a hollow geometry for encoding the key which geometry comprises at least one inner undercut (60a, 60b; 202a, 203a; 230, 231; 250, 251).
    [2]
    A key according to claim 1, comprising at least one channel (60; 60; 60; 61; 61; 62; 240,241; 252,253) disposed within the at least one coding cavity (55; 55; 55) 111, 155, 155, 202, 203, 210, 222, 232, 233, 242, 255), said at least one undercut (60a, 60b, 202a, 203a, 230, 231, 250, 251 ) is formed by a part of the at least one channel.
    [3]
    A key according to claim 2, wherein the shape and / or dimension of the channel (60; 60; 60; 61; 61; 62; 240,241; 252,253) varies along the course of the channel.
    [4]
    A key according to any preceding claim, having at least two channels (60; 60; 61; 61; 240,241; 252,253) disposed within the at least one coding cavity and crossing or extending separately.
    [5]
    A key according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least one coding cavity is formed in a key body (52) having one or more holes (68; 69; 214; 223) extending from the interior of the at least one coding cavity through the key body run outside.
    [6]
    A key according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a key body (52; 112; 200a; 235) having an outer geometry for additional coding of the key, the outer geometry preferably comprising wells (63; 263), holes, teeth and / or grooves.
    [7]
    7. Key according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a part which is arranged movable with respect to a key body and serves as additional coding of the key.
    [8]
    8. A key according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one electronic sensor, biometric sensor, magnetic sensor and / or a photosensor (64, 65, 113, 114) for additional coding of the key.
    [9]
    A key according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the key comprises a first end (109) in which the at least one coding cavity is formed, and a second end (112) containing an additional coding of the key, the first and the second end (109; 112) are insertable into a lock.
    [10]
    10. Key according to one of the preceding claims, at least partially made of metal, ceramic and / or plastic.
    [11]
    A key according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one coding cavity is defined by a wall (53) and extends in an extension direction (54) from a forward end to a trailing end, and wherein the at least one inner undercut (60a, 60b; 202a, 203a; 230, 231; 250, 251) is formed integrally with the wall and extends less than 360 degrees about the direction of extent.
    [12]
    A key according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one coding track (60; 60; 60; 61; 61; 62; 240,241; 252,253) bounded by opposite sides (60c, 60d) which extend in the at least one coding cavity with an odd course from a first end to a second end, about the at least one undercut (60; 60; 60; 61; 61; 62; 240,241; 252,253) ), wherein the second end is spaced from the first end and the sides are preferably integrally formed with a wall (53) forming the at least one coding cavity.
    [13]
    A lock for validating a key according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising:a housing (11) having a key cavity (15) for inserting the key (50, 50),a driver (14) which is movable when the key used with the lock has the correct coding,locking means coupled to the catch (21,22; 213; 221) having a locked state in which the movement of the catch is locked when the key used with the lock does not have the correct coding and an unlocked state in which the driver is movable, if the key used with the lock has the correct coding, andValidation means (25, 26; 116; 212; 220) coupled to the blocking means for changing the state of the blocking means when the key used with the lock has the correct coding,characterized in that the validation means (25, 26; 116; 212; 220) at least partially protrude into the key cavity (15) to at least partially enter the validation means into the coding cavity (55; 55; 55; 111; 155,155 202, 203, 210, 222, 232, 233, 242, 255) of the key and to grasp the inside surface of the coding cavity.
    [14]
    The lock of claim 13, wherein the validation means (25, 26; 116; 212; 220) are movable with respect to the housing (11).
    [15]
    A lock according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the validating means (25, 26; 212; 220) comprises at least one follower element (26; 212; 220) movably mounted on a stator (20) and preferably disc-shaped.
    [16]
    The lock of claim 15, wherein the at least one follower element (26; 212; 220) has at least one projection (26b; 26b; 26b) defining the coding cavity (55; 55; 55; 111; 155) , 155, 202, 203, 210, 222, 232, 233, 242, 255) when the key is inserted.
    [17]
    17. Lock according to one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the validation means (25, 26; 212; 220) are in the unlocked state in a part rotatable about a stator (20).
    [18]
    18. Lock according to one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the blocking means (21, 22; 213; 221) have a mechanical component (21; 213; 221) and the at least one follower element (26; 212; 220) has at least one recess (21; 26e, 212a, 220a) for receiving a part of the mechanical component.
    [19]
    19. Lock according to one of claims 13 to 18, wherein the blocking means (21, 22; 213; 221) comprises a rod (21; 213; 221) which in the unlocked state is interposed between a groove (20c) in a stator (20). and a groove (25a, 26e; 212a; 220a) in the validation means (25, 26) is movable.
    [20]
    The lock of claim 19 further including biasing means (22) for urging the rod (21; 213; 221) into the groove (20c) of the stator (20).
    [21]
    21. Lock according to one of claims 13 to 20, wherein the locking means (25, 26) between spacers (25) arranged follower elements (26), wherein the spacers (25) in the locked state immovable and the follower elements (26) movable on a Stator (20) are arranged.
    [22]
    22. Lock according to claim 21, wherein the spacers (25) engaging means (25 b) for engagement in the key.
    [23]
    A lock according to any one of claims 13 to 22, wherein the key cavity (15) has an annular cross-section for receiving that part of the key defining the coding cavity (55; 55; 55; 111; 155, 155; 202a). 203a; 230, 231; 250, 251).
    [24]
    A lock according to any one of claims 13 to 23, adapted to validate a key according to claim 12, wherein said validating means (25, 26; 116; 212; 220) comprises at least one follower element and said at least one follower element (26; 212; 220) movably disposed so that the at least one follower element engages the at least one coding track (60; 60; 60; 61; 61; 62; 240,241; 252,253) of the key and this follows when the key is inserted into the key cavity.
    [25]
    The lock of claim 24, wherein the key is insertable into the key cavity (15) by being moved in a linear direction, and wherein the at least one follower element (26; 212; 220) is movable in a plane transverse to the linear direction is.
    [26]
    26. A method of manufacturing a key according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least one wall (53) defining the at least one coding cavity (55; 55; 55; 111; 155, 155; 202, 203; 210, 222, 232, 233, 242, 255) is fabricated by an additive manufacturing process.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3055467A1|2016-08-17|
    CN105683462A|2016-06-15|
    AU2014334478A1|2016-05-05|
    ES2711175T3|2019-04-30|
    JP6563932B2|2019-08-21|
    IL244793A|2019-12-31|
    CN105683462B|2019-02-05|
    US20160290007A1|2016-10-06|
    WO2015051475A1|2015-04-16|
    DK3055467T3|2019-03-11|
    CA2925694A1|2015-04-16|
    US9920548B2|2018-03-20|
    JP2016532800A|2016-10-20|
    IL244793D0|2016-04-21|
    CA2925694C|2022-01-18|
    AU2014334478B2|2018-04-05|
    EP3055467B1|2018-12-05|
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